There are lots of things to read about this on the Internet and you will not find a definitive answer, I'm afraid. My conclusions are based on parsimony not on explicit proof. Besides, we all know how hard it is to prove a negative. It's a complex topic with many black-box elements and those tend to lend themselves to conspiratorial thinking.

If you have things to say on the topic, come comment on the episode on our Patreon.

Some articles of interest:

Test showing negative results (Wandera)

Tests showing the phones are capable of much monitoring (Medium)

BBC Coverage of the question

ABC deep dive (10 mins) (Australian)

Gizmodo - is your phone listening?

Conspiratorial Thinking and Mobile Phones (Research Gate)
Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices